1. A mixture of Benzene and Toluene in solution gave the following chromatography results:
Compound |
Concentration (µg/mL in mixture) |
Peak area (cm2) |
Benzene |
236 |
4.42 |
Toluene |
337 |
5.52 |
A solution was prepared by mixing 1.23 mg of Toluene in 5.00 mL, with 10.00 mL of a solution containing only an unknown concentration of Benzene, and then diluting the mixture to 25.00 mL. Peak areas of 3.33 and 2.22 cm2 were observed for Benzene and Toluene respectively. Find the concentration of (µg/mL) in the unknown Benzene solution.
2. The US Department of Defense is in the process of disposing of all VX
nerve agent chemical warfare stocks to meet Chemical Disarmament Treaty
requirements. Chemical neutralization
and incineration are the technologies being used for disposal. Prior to operations, one of the on-site
laboratories had developed and validated internal standard methodology to
verify the effectiveness of the neutralization process in destroying VX. To
prepare the laboratory to analyze an incoming set of plant reaction batch
samples, the laboratory chemists conducted a calibration of their VX GC/MS/MS internal
standard quantitative method and obtained the following set of calibration
data:
VX Spike (pg/ml) |
IS Peak Area |
VX Peak Area |
0 |
28,028 |
1,170 |
5 |
29,149 |
3,888 |
10 |
28,449 |
10,732 |
15 |
29,412 |
16,589 |
20 |
28,972 |
21,049 |
30 |
29,186 |
33,457 |
The lab then used these internal standard calibration data to analyze a plant sample prepared with the same amount of added internal standard. The analysis of this plant sample yielded a VX peak area of 25,345 and an internal standard peak area of 28,523. Set up an internal standard calibration curve, plot it, show all regression calculations, and determine the amount of VX in the plant sample.
3.
Injection Variability:
The purpose of this exercise is to characterize the variability associated with GC injection techniques. In Room Sims 310 is a GC syringe (in a box), two small beakers and two analytical balances. Working with a lab partner, each person should make 10 separate 5 microliter syringe injections into the tared beaker. Prepare a spreadsheet that determines the following: