General Chemistry II Course
Competencies
Lsn 4: Proteins as Drug Targets I (Amino
Acids, Acid-Base Properties, Henderson-Hasselbalch)
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Amino acids
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Know and be able to quickly draw the general molecular structure of amino
acids and be able to clearly diagram the acid/conjugate base forms for
both the carboxylic acid and the amine functionalities
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Be able to quickly draw the complete molecular structure showing all bonds
for all of the following amino acids:
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AA's with nonpolar side chains [Alanine(Ala,A), Valine(Val,V), Leucine(Leu,L),
Isoleucine(Ile,I), Phenylalanine(Phe,F)]
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AA's with polar uncharged side chains [Glycine(Gly,G), Serine(Ser,S), Threonine(Thr,T),
Tyrosine(Tyr,Y), Cysteine(Cys,C), Asparagine(Asn,N), Glutamine(Gln,Q)]
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AA's with carboxylic acid side chains [Aspartic Acid(Asp,D), Glutamic Acid(Glu,E)]
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AA's with basic side chains [Lysine(Lys,K), Arginine(Arg,R), Histidine(His,H)]
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Acid-base systems
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Predict reactions of acids with water; predict reaction of bases with water.
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Write and use equilibria expressions for dissociation of weak acids and
bases, Ka and Kb; pKa’s
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Know the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: be able to understand and use.
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Predict predominant (and relative amounts) of acid/base forms (e.g. COOH/COO-,
–NH3+/-NH2 ) present at a given pH.
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Know what an alkaloid is and be able to quickly draw acid/conjugate forms
of a given alkaloid.
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Acid-base properties of amino acids
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Predict acid-base forms of amino acids present at various pH’s
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Relate pH to amino acid functional group solubility in lipids or water
Understand what isoelectric points (pI) are and how to determine them
from the pKa's of amino acids