Chapter 8 Student competencies

• Define electronegativity; predict and explain the underlying reason for the periodic trends in electronegativity.
• Describe metallic, ionic, and covalent bonding.
• Predict whether is bond is primarily ionic or covalent.  Differentiate among ionic, polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonding.
• Draw the Lewis structure for a given atom, molecule or ion.
• Know what formal charge is; assign formal charges to the atoms in a given Lewis structure; generate Lewis structures which minimize formal charges.
• Know what lattice energy is; predict relative magnitudes of lattice energies for different ionic compounds.  Explain the reason for these differences.
• Outline the three electrostatic interactions present in a molecule; explain what holds atoms together in a molecule.
• Understand resonance structures; draw the resonance structures for a given molecule.  Use resonance structures to determine bond order.
• Use a table of average bond energies to determine the change in enthalpy for a given reaction.
• Know what a dipole moment is and predict whether a given molecule is polar.